AS 1670 – Automatic Fire Detection and Alarm Systems
Automatic fire detection and alarm systems play a critical role in protecting people, property, and assets in commercial buildings across Australia. These systems are typically designed and installed in accordance with AS 1670, the Australian Standard governing fire detection, warning, control, and intercom systems.
This article provides a clear, practical overview of AS 1670, how it applies to different building types, and why professional design, installation, and maintenance are essential.
What Is AS 1670?
AS 1670 is the Australian Standard that sets out the requirements for:
- Fire detection systems
- Fire alarm and warning systems
- Control and indication equipment
- Emergency warning and intercom systems (EWIS)
The standard covers the design, installation, commissioning, and operation of these systems in commercial and complex buildings.
It is important to note that while AS 1670 governs system design and installation, ongoing maintenance is covered separately under AS 1851 (Section 6).
Fire Detection vs Smoke Alarms
A common source of confusion is the difference between fire detection systems and smoke alarms:
- Fire detection systems are typically installed in commercial and multi-residential buildings and are designed to integrate with other fire safety measures.
- Smoke alarms are generally used in residential dwellings.
Although fire professionals and certifiers may use either system depending on the building classification, using the correct terminology is essential to avoid misunderstandings during design, approval, and certification.
Building Classification and Fire Zoning
The complexity of a fire detection system can vary significantly depending on the building’s classification and design. Most buildings are divided into fire zones, allowing fire wardens and the fire brigade to quickly identify the area in alarm.
- Conventional systems typically have clearly defined zones.
- Addressable systems also require zoning, even though individual detectors can be identified by description or address.
Proper zoning improves emergency response times and supports effective building evacuation procedures.
System Design and Installation
Fire detection systems compliant with AS 1670 are usually designed by a fire engineer or certifier and installed by licensed electricians or cable installers with experience in fire systems.
Key considerations during installation include:
- Compliance with AS 1670:2015
- Electrical safety and segregation requirements under AS 3000
- Correct cable classification and routing
Fire system cabling generally falls into two categories:
- Low-voltage fire detection cables, which may run alongside communications cabling
- EWIS cables, typically rated at 100 volts, which can be installed alongside standard 240-volt electrical cables
Correct cable segregation is particularly important in retrofit buildings, where improper installation can interfere with system signals, mask faults, or disrupt alarm notifications.
Commissioning Fire Detection Systems
Commissioning is a critical stage in delivering a compliant AS 1670 system. Depending on the size and complexity of the building, commissioning may:
- Take as little as one hour for a simple system
- Require multiple specialists for interconnected or large-scale systems
The commissioning process involves a 100% test, ensuring that every component operates exactly as designed and meets AS 1670 requirements.
Both the installer and certifier must document the commissioning process to confirm full system compliance.
Ongoing Maintenance Requirements
Once installed, fire detection systems require regular inspection, testing, and maintenance in accordance with AS 1851. Current standards specify testing at the following intervals:
- Monthly
- Six-monthly
- Annually
- Every five years
- Every ten years
Routine maintenance ensures the system remains reliable, compliant, and ready to perform in an emergency.
Supporting Performance-Based Design
Automatic fire detection and alarm systems can play an important role in performance-based fire engineering solutions, particularly in complex or non-standard buildings.
If you would like to understand how fire detection systems can support a performance-based design approach in your building, a qualified fire engineer can provide tailored advice.
For expert guidance on fire detection systems, performance-based design, and fire engineering solutions, contact FyreWise Engineering.
